visa-dupty, naturalization,tochigi, utunomiya 　ビザ取得　帰化　宇都宮　栃木県

※在留資格等についてのお問い合わせは、マエヒロ法務事務所へ、こちらのフォームをお使いください。
>please send MAEHIRO　OFFICE a mail by this inquiry form

※相談から受任までの流れ、はこちらになります。
　 This link is the flow from consultation to acceptance

〇主な就労ビザ　Mainly Working-Visa

　技術・人文知識・国際業務Technology/Humanities/International Affairs

　特定技能Specified Skilled Worker

　高度専門職Highly skilled professional

　経営・管理Business Manage

　技能Skill

　企業内転勤Intra-Company Transferee

　介護Nursing care

　興行Entertainment

※技術・人文知識・国際業務に該当しない活動も対象となる、「特定活動（46号・本邦大学卒業者）」についても重要なので追加記載します。
　"Additionally, it is important to note the 'Designated Activities (Category 46: Graduates of Universities in Japan),' which includes activities not limited to technology, humanities, or international business."

※以下、個々の在留資格について概要をまとめ、別ページで詳細な取得要件を説明いたします。
　Below, we summarize an overview of each residency status and provide detailed acquisition requirements on a separate page.

※「技能実習」については、失踪が相次ぎ人権侵害も指摘されたため2024年中に廃止される見通しなので記載しません。
　Regarding the Technical Intern Training Program visa, it will not be mentioned as it is expected to be abolished by 2024 due to a series of disappearances and human rights violations being pointed out.

※今後、「技能実習」の廃止に伴い、「技能実習」の在留資格から、「技能試験」「日本語能力試験」等を経て「特定技能」の在留資格への移行が想定されます。
　In the future, with the abolishment of "Technical Intern Training," it is anticipated that the transition from the residence status of "Technical Intern Training" to the residence status of "Specific Skill" will be through processes such as "Skills Examination" and "Japanese Language Proficiency Test."

日本国内の大学等を卒業した留学生が、国内企業に就職する際の典型的なビザとなります。「大卒以上」の外国人が、「いわゆるホワイトカラー職種」で働くための在留資格です。肉体労働や単純労働とされる職種では、原則、認められません。

・日本国内の公私の機関との契約を前提に、次のいずれかの分野又は業務を実施します。
　「技術」理学、工学その他の自然科学の分野（ex　システムエンジニア、設計、機械・電気技術者、研究開発職）、「人文」法律学、経済学、社会学その他の人文科学の分野（ex　マーケテイング、経理、商品企画、金融専門職）
　「国際」外国人特有の文化に基盤を有する思考や感受性を必要とする業務（ex　翻訳・通訳、デザイナー、海外貿易）

・在留期間は、５年、３年、１年、３ヶ月です。ビザの在留期間は、申請書に実際に記入する「就労予定期間」の内容や、招聘機関となる企業の規模や安定性など、入国管理局の審査の中で総合的に判断した上で決まります。

・留学生の就労に係る主なフロー
・「留学」から就労資格への変更手続の流れ

For international students who have graduated from universities in Japan and intend to work for domestic companies, the typical visa is as follows: It is a residence qualification for "university graduates or above" foreign nationals to work in so-called "white-collar occupations." Positions categorized as manual labor or simple labor are generally not eligible.

・Based on contracts with public and private institutions in Japan, individuals will engage in one of the following fields or activities:

"Technical": Fields such as natural sciences including physical sciences, engineering, and others (e.g., system engineers, designers, mechanical/electrical technicians, research and development professionals).
"Humanities": Fields such as law, economics, sociology, and other humanities disciplines (e.g., marketing, accounting, product planning, finance professionals).
"International": Tasks requiring a foundation in the unique culture of foreign nationals and sensitivity (e.g., translation/interpretation, designers, international trade).
・The duration of stay can be 5 years, 3 years, 1 year, or 3 months. The period of stay for the visa is determined comprehensively during the examination by the Immigration Bureau, considering factors such as the content of the "intended period of employment" as actually filled in the application form, as well as the scale and stability of the inviting company.

Main Flow Regarding Employment of International Students
Flow of Procedures for Changing Residency Status from "Study" to Work Qualification

〇「特定活動（46号・本邦大学卒業者）」は2019年5月に新設された比較的新しい在留資格です。これは、日本の大学を卒業した高い日本語能力を持つ人が、習得した知識や応用的能力のほか、留学生として経験を通じて得た高い日本語能力を活用することを要件として、幅広い業務に従事する活動を認める在留資格です。「技術・人文知識・国際業務」の在留資格においては、一般的なサービス業務や製造業務等が主たる活動となるものは認められませんが、本制度においては、上記諸要件が満たされれば、これらの活動も可能です。
簡単に言うと、「技術・人文知識・国際業務」＋現業という内容になります。

〇在留期間は、「3か月」「6ヶ月」「1年」「3年」「5年」が与えられ、更新をし続ければ「永住者」ビザの申請も将来的には可能です。
原則として、「留学」の在留資格からの変更許可時や初回の在留期間更新許可時に決定される在留期間は「1年」となります。

〇家族の帯同も認められます。

The following is the English translation:

〇"The 'Designated Activities (Category 46: Graduates of Universities in Japan)' is a relatively new residency status established in May 2019. This status allows individuals who have graduated from Japanese universities and possess high proficiency in Japanese language to engage in a wide range of activities, provided they utilize their acquired knowledge, applied skills, and the high proficiency in Japanese language acquired through their experience as international students. While typical service or manufacturing activities are not permitted under residency statuses such as 'Technical Intern Training' or 'Humanities/International Services,' under this new system, these activities are also permissible if the aforementioned criteria are met.
In simple terms, it involves "technical expertise, humanities knowledge, international business" plus practical work.

〇The duration of stay can be '3 months,' '6 months,' '1 year,' '3 years,' or '5 years,' and with continued renewal, it may eventually lead to eligibility for a 'Permanent Resident' visa application in the future. As a general rule, the duration of stay determined upon changing from a 'student' residency status or upon the initial renewal of the residency period is '1 year.'

〇Additionally, accompanying family members are also permitted."

〇特定技能制度は、国内人材を確保することが困難な状況にある産業分野において、一定の専門性・技能を有する外国人を受け入れることを目的とする制度です。2018年に可決・成立した改正出入国管理法により在留資格「特定技能」が創設され、2019年4月から受入れが可能となりました。

※今後の長期的な予測を見ても、2030年時点で労働者の需要が7,073万人であるのに対して、労働供給は6,429万人と、644万人もの人手が不足する（『労働市場の未来推計2030』より）と考えられています。政府見解では認めてませんが、事実上の移民政策になります。

〇特定技能制度の1号・2号の区別　
特定技能1号は、特定産業分野に属する相当程度の知識又は経験を必要とする技能を要する業務に従事する外国人向けの在留資格であり、特定技能2号は、特定産業分野に属する熟練した技能を要する業務に従事する外国人向けの在留資格です。
具体的には、在留期間の上限の違い .永住権の要件を満たせる可能性の有無、.求められる技能水準の違い、.外国人支援の必要性の有無、家族帯同の可否、日本語能力の確認試験があるかどうか、.試験の実施状況の違い .等があります。（後で、詳細解説載せます。）

〇対象分野
・特定技能1号の対象となる分野（12分野）
　介護、ビルクリーニング、素形材・産業機械・電気電子情報関連製造業、建設、造船・船用工業、自動車整備業、航空業、宿泊業、農業、漁業、飲食料品製造業、外食業
・特定技能2号の対象となる分野(11分野）　介護を除き、1号の全ての分野受入れが可能（令和５年8月31日）
　※介護は、別途在留資格が存在するため、2号の対象とはならない。

〇在留期間
　1号：１年，６か月又は４か月ごとの更新，通算で上限５年まで
　2号：３年，１年又は６か月ごとの更新　上限なし

制度説明資料「外国人材の受入れ及び共生社会実現に向けた取組(PDF)」※令和６年１月更新
特定技能ガイドブック(事業者用）

〇The Specified Skilled Worker System is a program aimed at accepting foreign nationals with certain expertise and skills in industrial sectors where securing domestic talent is difficult. The status of residence "Specified Skilled Worker" was established by the amended Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act, which was enacted in 2018, and acceptance became possible from April 2019.

Even considering long-term forecasts, it is believed that by 2030, while the demand for labor is expected to be 70.73 million people, the labor supply will be 64.29 million people, resulting in a shortage of 6.44 million workers ("Future Estimates of the Labor Market 2030"). Although not officially recognized by the government, this effectively becomes an immigration policy.

〇The distinction between Specified Skilled Worker Category 1 and Category 2
Specified Skilled Worker Category 1 is a residence status for foreign nationals engaged in tasks requiring a certain level of knowledge or experience in specific industrial fields. Specified Skilled Worker Category 2, on the other hand, is a residence status for foreign nationals engaged in tasks requiring skilled expertise in specific industrial fields.

Specific differences include:
- Differences in the maximum period of stay
- Possibility of meeting the requirements for permanent residency
- Differences in the required skill levels
- Necessity for foreigner support
- Eligibility for accompanying family members
- Whether a Japanese language proficiency test is required
- Differences in the implementation status of the examination, among others.
(Detailed explanations will be provided later.)

〇Target Fields
- Fields covered by Specified Skilled Worker Type 1 (12 fields)
Caregiving, Building Cleaning, Foundry Work, Industrial Machinery, Electrical and Electronic Information-related Manufacturing, Construction, Shipbuilding, Automobile Maintenance, Aviation, Accommodation, Agriculture, Fisheries, Food and Beverage Manufacturing, and Food Service Industries.
- Fields covered by Specified Skilled Worker Type 2 (11 fields) Excluding caregiving, all fields covered by Type 1 are eligible for Type 2 acceptance (as of August 31, 2023).
※O Caregiving is excluded as it has a separate residency status and is not covered under Type 2.

〇Length of Stay
Type 1: Renewable every 1 year, 6 months, or 4 months, with a maximum total duration of 5 years.
Type 2: Renewable every 3 years, 1 year, or 6 months, with no maximum limit.

Document explaining the system「Initiatives to Accept Foreign Nationals and for the Realization of Society of Harmonious Coexistence(PDF)」Updated in 1./2024

"Specific Skill Guidebook (for Foreigners)"

〇「高度専門職」は、学歴、職歴、年収などの項目ごとにポイントが設けられ、ポイントの合計が70点以上になった場合に取得できる在留資格です1。高度専門職は、日本の経済発展に貢献するための高度な知識やスキルを持つ外国人のための在留資格です。

〇「高度専門職」の区分
　・高度専門職１号イ：高度学術分野に相当、ロ：高度専門分野に相当、ハ：高度経営分野に相当
　・高度専門職２号
　※高度専門職1号と高度専門職2号の違いは、在留期間や活動範囲などです。高度専門職1号は、在留期間が最長5年で、特定の分野の活動に限られます。しかし高度専門職2号は、在留期間が無期限で、ほぼすべての就労資格の活動が可能です。高度専門職2号は、高度専門職1号イ・ロ・ハのいずれかの在留資格を得て、3年以上活動を行った外国人を対象として付与されます。

〇「高度専門職」の優遇措置
１複合的な在留活動の許容、２在留期間「５年」の付与、３在留歴に係る永住許可要件の緩和、４配偶者の就労、５　一定の条件の下での親の帯同の許容、６　一定の条件の下での家事使用人の帯同の許容、７　入国・在留手続の優先処理

〇"A highly skilled professional" is a residency status that can be obtained when the total points reach 70 or more for items such as educational background, work history, and annual income1. This status is for foreigners who possess advanced knowledge and skills to contribute to the economic development of Japan.

〇Classification of "Highly Skilled Professionals":
Highly Skilled Professional (Category 1): Equivalent to highly academic fields (イ), highly specialized fields (ロ), highly advanced management fields (ハ).
Highly Skilled Professional (Category 2).
The difference between Highly Skilled Professional (Category 1) and Highly Skilled Professional (Category 2) lies in the period of stay and scope of activities. For Highly Skilled Professional (Category 1), the period of stay is up to 5 years at maximum, and activities are limited to specific fields. However, for Highly Skilled Professional (Category 2), there is no limitation on the period of stay, and activities related to almost all types of work qualifications are possible. Highly Skilled Professional (Category 2) is granted to foreigners who have obtained one of the residency statuses of Highly Skilled Professional (Category 1) (I, Ro, Ha) and have engaged in activities for three years or more.

〇"Preferred Treatment for Highly Skilled Professionals"
1. Permission for Complex Residency Activities
2. Granting a Residency Period of "5 Years"
3. Relaxation of Permanent Residency Requirements Based on Residency History
4. Spouse Employment
5. Permission for Parent Accompaniment Under Certain Conditions
6. Permission for Accompaniment of Domestic Workers Under Certain Conditions
7. Priority Processing of Immigration and Residency Procedures

〇「経営・管理」とは、日本において貿易その他の事業の経営を行い、又は当該事業の管理に従事する活動を行うための在留資格のことです.
「経営・管理」の具体例は次のとおりです。代表取締役、取締役、代表社員、個人事業主、部長等の管理職、支店長、工場長など。

〇経営・管理ビザが許可期間は、入国管理局が申請者にふさわしいとする在留期間（３ケ月、４ケ月、１年、３年、５年のいずれか）が許可されます。

〇「経営・管理」は年々と審査が厳しくなっています。この在留資格には申請人の要件に「学歴」や「職歴」がなく、一定の資本金や場所的要件をクリアすれば誰でも取得の可能性があり、日本に他の目的で滞在するのに悪用される恐れがあるからです。

〇"Management and Administration" refers to the residency status for engaging in activities related to managing and administering trade and other business operations in Japan, or for engaging in the management of such operations.
Concrete examples of "management and administration" include the following: representative directors, directors, representative officers, sole proprietors, managerial positions such as department managers, branch managers, factory managers, etc.

〇The permitted duration of the Management and Administration visa is the period of stay (which can be 3 months, 4 months, 1 year, 3 years, or 5 years) deemed appropriate by the Immigration Bureau for the applicant.

〇"Management and Administration" visas are becoming increasingly stringent year by year. This residency status does not require applicants to meet specific educational or professional experience requirements; rather, anyone can obtain it as long as they meet certain capital and location-based criteria. This is because there is a concern that it could be exploited for staying in Japan for purposes other than those intended.

〇技能ビザとは、産業上の特殊な分野に属する熟練した技能を持つ外国人が、日本で就労するために必要となる在留資格のことです。

〇在留資格「技能ビザ」で就労が認められている分野
日本で行える活動は、入管法で「産業上の特殊な分野に属する熟練した技能を要する業務に従事する活動」と規定されています。
ここでいう産業上特殊な分野というのは以下の3つです。
・外国に特有な産業分野
・日本の水準よりも外国の技能レベルが高い産業分野
・日本で従事する技能者が少数しかいない産業分野
外国料理の調理・製造、海外様式の建築物の建設・施工・組立、海外に特有な製品の製造修理、宝石・金属・毛皮の加工、動物の調教、石油採掘・地熱開発のための採掘、航空機の操縦、スポーツ指導、ワインのソムリエ

〇技能ビザの在留期
　「5年」・「3年」・「1年」又は「3ヶ月」のいずれかで、外国人の活動実績や今後の活動内容を考慮して、出入国在留管理局が決定します。

〇The "Technical Skills Visa" is a residence status required for skilled foreigners belonging to specialized fields in the industry to work in Japan.

Activities that can be carried out in Japan are defined by the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act as activities engaging in work requiring skilled expertise belonging to "specialized fields in industry." The specialized fields in industry referred to here include the following three categories:
- Industries unique to foreign countries
- Industries where the skill level of foreign countries exceeds that of Japan
- Industries where there are only a few skilled workers engaged in Japan

Fields where employment is permitted with the residence status "Technical Skills Visa" include cooking and manufacturing of foreign cuisine, construction, assembly, and construction of overseas-style buildings, manufacturing and repair of products unique to overseas, processing of jewelry, metals, and fur, animal training, mining for petroleum and geothermal development, aircraft piloting, sports instruction, and sommelier for wine.

〇The period of stay for the Technical Skills Visa is determined by the Immigration Services Agency based on the foreigner's activity record and future activity plans, with options including "5 years," "3 years," "1 year," or "3 months."

〇「企業内転勤」とは、人事異動により１年以上在籍する海外グループ会社から日本企業に転勤してくる外国人社員を受け入れるための在留資格です。
「企業内転勤」で行うことができる業務内容は「技術・人文知識・国際業務」と同じですが、学歴要件がなく、日本国内で転職ができないという点で「技術・人文知識・国際業務」と異なります。

〇在留期間 在留資格「企業内転勤」を持つ外国人の在留期間は、3ヶ月または1年、3年、5年のいずれかです。 転勤の期間を決めたうえで在留資格を申請するため、基本的には状況に応じた在留期間が付与されます。

〇"Intra-Company Transferee" is a residence status for accepting foreign employees who are transferred from overseas group companies where they have been employed for over one year due to personnel relocation.

The duties that can be performed under "Intra-Company Transferee" are the same as those for "Technical Skills, Humanities, and International Services," but there is no academic requirement, and unlike "Technical Skills, Humanities, and International Services," it differs in that it allows for transfers within Japan.

〇Duration of Stay: The duration of stay for foreign nationals holding the residence status of "Intra-Company Transferee" is either 3 months, 1 year, 3 years, or 5 years. Since the residence status is applied for based on the period of transfer, the duration of stay is generally granted according to the circumstances.

〇在留資格「介護」は、介護福祉士の資格を持つ外国人が介護の仕事に従事するための在留資格です。日本国内の介護業界の人手不足が問題となり、2017年9月から在留資格「介護」の創設されました。

〇対象者は、日本の介護福祉士養成施設を卒業し、介護福祉士の資格を取得した外国人です。ちなみに介護福祉士養成施設は都道府県知事が指定する専門学校などが該当します。2020年４月１日に在留資格「介護」の上陸基準省令が改正され、介護福祉士の資格を取得したルートにかかわらず、在留資格「介護」が認められることとなりました。

〇在留期間は、５年、３年、１年又は３月になりますが、在留期間は更新可能で永続的な就労も可能です。

〇「特定技能の介護」とは、求められる日本語能力、在留期間、登録支援機関の支援の要不要、家族の帯同の有無に違いがあります。

〇The residence status "Caregiving" is a status of residence for foreign nationals holding qualifications as caregivers to engage in caregiving work. Due to the shortage of manpower in the caregiving industry in Japan, the residence status "Caregiving" was established in September 2017.

〇Eligible individuals are foreign nationals who have graduated from Japanese caregiver training facilities and obtained qualifications as caregivers. These caregiver training facilities typically include specialized schools designated by prefectural governors.On April 1, 2020, the landing criteria ministerial ordinance for the residence status "Caregiving" was revised, allowing for the recognition of the residence status "Caregiving" regardless of the route through which qualifications as a caregiver were obtained.

〇The duration of stay can be 5 years, 3 years, 1 year, or 3 months, and it is possible to renew the period of stay, allowing for indefinite employment.

〇"Specific Skills in Caregiving" differs in terms of the required Japanese language proficiency, duration of stay, necessity of support from registered support organizations, and whether family members can accompany the individual.

〇興行ビザとは、演劇、演芸、演奏、スポーツ等の興行に係る活動またはその他の芸能活動を行う為のビザです。外国人モデルや歌手、俳優、女優、ダンサー、音楽家、格闘家、タレント、プロスポーツ選手などがコンサート、ＴＶ出演、舞台出演等日本で仕事を行う際に取得する在留資格です。

〇2023年8月1日から「興行」ビザの要件が大幅に緩和されています。１　外国人の興行活動について一定の実績のある招へい機関であれば、基本的にその証明のみでOK（基準1号イとして新設）　2　一定規模の興行活動であり、これまでも緩やかな要件（旧2号）に該当していた場合には、更に要件を緩和

〇興行ビザの在留期間は、3年、1年、6ヶ月、3ヶ月、15日です。ただし、申請の審査内容によっては、希望する在留期間にならない場合もあります。一般的には、3ヶ月または6ヶ月の在留期間で更新しながら日本に在留するケースが多くなっています。

〇The "Entertainment Visa" is a visa for conducting activities related to performances such as theater, entertainment, music, sports, and other entertainment activities. It is a residence status obtained by foreign models, singers, actors, actresses, dancers, musicians, martial artists, entertainers, and professional athletes when working in Japan, such as concerts, TV appearances, and stage performances.

〇Starting from August 1, 2023, the requirements for the "Entertainment" visa have been significantly relaxed. 1. If there is a certain track record of the foreigner's entertainment activities and they are invited by a reputable organization, generally only proof of this is required (newly established as Criteria 1). 2. For entertainment activities of a certain scale that have previously met the lenient requirements (old Criteria 2), the requirements are further relaxed.

〇The duration of stay for the Entertainment Visa is 3 years, 1 year, 6 months, 3 months, or 15 days. However, depending on the examination of the application, it may not always be possible to obtain the desired duration of stay. Generally, many cases involve staying in Japan with a residence period of 3 or 6 months and renewing it periodically.